Essay on Indentity Loss - 783 Words

In The Odyssey and The English Patient the main character, Odysseus and Almasy, suffer from a form of identity loss and try to regain it. They both regain their identity through the help of other people. Every person that stumbles across a piece of their past helps them regain a piece of their identity. Because he cannot remember Almasy must get help remembering his past from the people around him. One of his first memories came from the book â€Å"he brought with him through the fire- a copy of the Histories by Herodotus† (Ondaatje pg 16). Hana reads some of the notes that he had written in the book; she reads of the different winds â€Å"the ---, the secret wind of the desert, whose name was erased by a king after his son died within it. And the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"In the arboured bedroom the burned patient views great distances†(Ondaatje pg 135) in doing so Almasy, remembers the desert in Africa, he remembers his adventures. â€Å"In 1930 we had begun mapping the greater part of the Gilf Kebir Plateau, looking for the lost oasis that was called Zerzura† (Ondaatje pg 135) he remembered many of his other adventures there. All of his memories about Gilf Kebir Plateau made his think of Katherine, his lost lover. Odysseus is remembered of his great conquest when he is on the land of the Phaiakians where Demodokos sings of his conquest. Demodokos tells of the Trojan horse that Odysseus built to trick the city of Troy and take it over. When Odysseus heard this he â€Å"melted, and from under his eyes the tears ran down drenching his cheeks† (Lattimore pg 134). The singer had reminded Odysseus of one of his great achievements that was part of his identity. Caravaggio forces Almasy to remember most of his past right before the crash when he starts to ask questions. â€Å"When you crashed in the desert—where were you flying from† (Ondaatje pg 167). Almasy had already remembered that he was once in the Gilf Kebir and what he was doing there but now he had to remember why he was back there again. â€Å"I had gone there to collect someone. In late August. Nineteen forty-two† (Ondaatje pg 167). Almasy goes on to tell about Katherine and how he had left her there until he could get help, that was when he got burnt. Hana, another character whoShow MoreRelatedCulture : Repression And Assimulation2042 Words   |  9 PagesCulture: Repression and Assimulation Ashley Fenn Even though African-Americans have equality as far as the law is concerned we have yet to be treated as equally as our white counterparts, African-American people have a loss of their own culture and are a repressed group because Blacks have less sense of who we are because it was stripped from our ancestorswhen the first slave ships set sail to America. – Ashley Fenn During the 17th and 18th century’sRead MoreReligious Identity : A Christian s Responsibility Essay1853 Words   |  8 Pagesargued that they are wrong about having that identity, but Korsgaard s claim is that having an obligation is dependent on one accepting one s identity. If failing to fulfill all of the obligations that stem from that identity would result in the loss of that identity, then it seems as though having a given identity is to some degree dependent on fulfilling the obligations that identity imposes. Clearly Korsgaard would be unwilling to accept that identity is dependent on obligation fulfillment,Read MoreHistory Of Bank Of Indi India Essay2055 Words   |  9 Pagesknown as phishing [ Its refinement has extended keeping pace with the new security advances got by the bank business proposed to direct the issue. This infers there are a couple of flaws in the security of web dealing with a record that results in loss of money of various record holders nearb y spillage of their individual information to unapproved individual. †¢ Imperfections in sparing cash destinations According to a late study by University of Michigan ,in an examination of 214 bank Websites ,moreRead MoreLevel 3 Health and Social Care Unit 365dementia3984 Words   |  16 Pagessymptoms and treatments available. The term dementia is used to describe a set of sypstoms that occur when the brain is damaged by specific diseases. These diseases include Alzheimers disease and vascular dementia. Someone with dementia may experience loss of memory, mood changes, and problems with language, reasoning and decision making. Being told that you or a loved one has vascular dementia can be very difficult and you may experience a range of different emotions as time goes on. There is supportRead MoreCompany Policy3849 Words   |  16 Pagesauthorized use, especially during emergencies or disasters. This policy will address common challenges to availability. Denial of Service this is due to intentional attacks or because of undiscovered flaws in implementation. The policy will address loss of information system capabilities because of natural disasters. The policy will also focus on equipment failures during normal use. Disaster Recovery Plan Due in Week Three: For your selected scenario, describe the key elements of the DisasterRead MoreComparison Analysis On Pop Up Retail Versus Independent Or Brick And Mortar Store Essay10014 Words   |  41 Pagesindividuals owners will have high expense and low expense months. Cash flows forecast: This statement summarizes the monthly amount of cash movements (cash inflows and cash outflows) and the resulting cash balance for a year. Projected profit and loss statement: This shows business revenues, expenses and net profit for the forthcoming year and is also known as a statement of financial performance. Entrepreneurs need a business plan because planning is crucial to operate a business. Good planning

Video Games And The Era Of Technology - 1009 Words

Video games have been a favorite pass time for Americans and people all over the world for many centuries. I have always loved video games ever since I was introduced to the Nintendo 64 when I was a little girl. I found Super Mario Bros. and Donkey Kong very addicting when I began playing it. However, a new level of game addiction has been introduced into the era of technology. Games on our phones have been a new popularity in recent years. Usually when I hear the words â€Å"video game,† I think of a console, like the Wii or PlayStation. I don’t consider games that are on the app store like Flappy Bird or Temple Run a legitimate video game. Even though they don’t fall under that category, these games are downloaded over a million times. A†¦show more content†¦I played Angry Birds myself and found the game to be very addictive and fun. I remember playing it consistently for about two weeks. I didn’t play the game for five minutes at a time; I play ed for about 2 hours trying to pass as many levels as I could in one session. Angry Birds was an activity that took time away from other things that needed to be done and was â€Å"less and activity in [my] day than a blank space in [my] day,† (Anderson 66). Anderson argues that a phone like the iPhone became a legitimate game console because of all the games available from the app store (Anderson 67). However, the downside to a phone being a game console is that, â€Å"it responds not to the fast-twitch button combos†¦ but to more intuitive and intimate motion: poking, pinching, tapping, tickling,† (Anderson 67). A shooter game would not seem to work on a phone, which does not make it a game console in my opinion. This type of game attracts the type of person who is not a high-level gamer and would like a game that does not cost a lot of money and strategy to play. Some people argue that these little â€Å"minisystems† are better because they do not have t he â€Å"distraction of narrative,† (Anderson 67). Besides being a mini game that people like because of no narrative, â€Å"stupid games† have been said to be an answer to â€Å"humanity’s problems,† (Anderson 67).

Strategic and Operations Management Deals in Production

Question: Describe about the oil and gas company that deals in production and exploration and is headquartered in United Kingdom for its operations? Answer: Introduction Cuadrilla Resources chiefly are an oil and gas company that deals in production and exploration and is headquartered in United Kingdom for its operations. It is best known for its efforts and operations in shale gas by the use of hydraulic fracturing. The company has diversified the shale gas extraction in UK and outside UK constituting of the exploration of shale gas in UK under Cuadrilla Resources is a recent phenomenon occurrence of commercial extraction (Cuadrillaresources.com 2016). Cuadrilla came into being when in 2011 it claimed to discover 5600 cubic grams of gas and later a year. By in large shale gas in UK is a game-changing resource that has transformed the UK energy market and significantly contributed to the supply of national security. However, UK is on the cusp of the energy revolution and Cuadrilla Resources Ltd. have announced shale gas discovery in Bowland Shale, which exceeds the national estimates (Mobbs 2012). On the other hand, extraction of shale gas in UK is facing macro environment problems, which needs to be analyzed in this report with the strategic policies it applies to operate and the less opinionated strategic choice it possesses. However, Cuadrilla Limited is facing a challenge in the environmental and political spheres to operate the "unconventional" natural gas using hydraulic fracturing. Macro- Environment: PESTEL Analysis The Cuadrilla Limited can be assessed based on macro environment factors that not only help in examining the organizations issues but also helps in delivering the key areas affected by different reasons. However, macro environment or external analysis is considered the first step in the strategic analysis, which is referred to pestel analysis namely political, economical, social, technology, legal and environmental factors. The macro environment analysis also helps in investigating the SWOT analysis of the company to bring out better results (Yksel 2012). Figure 1 gives the overview of PESTEL analysis. Figure 1 PESTEL Analysis Source: (Sheikh 2013) Political Factors Over half of Britain is either considered or licensed for oil gas exploration. However, the licenses are increasing its base in Cleveland Basin and Gainsborough in East and South Yorkshire respectively. The three licenses that give Cuadrilla a leading position is Gainsborough, Lancashire Bowland, and Cleveland. However, the government gives an active encouragement within Europe just after Poland in pursuing potential in shale oil and shale gas. Nevertheless, the political opposition in UK is less than Germany or France but more than Poland. In the recent government budget as stated by Finance Minister George Osborne promised cash incentives and tax breaks for companies that undertake drilling test with consent (Selley 2012). Nonetheless, the government practices a push strategy for a mature and stable shale gas industry that has not been established yet whether it is Cuadrilla Resources for the matter. However, maintaining a commercial level is imprecise. Furthermore, not only strate gic policies but regulating the new industry is even crucial (Gu and Nazmy 2014). The political reasons for Cuadrilla's standalone position are highly diverse. However, Cuadrilla was famous for its petroleum exploration and development license for Bowland between Preston and Blackpool in Lancashire (Werth 2013). Hence, national politic factors of Cuadrilla are represented by grade of the authority of the state, political parties, non-governmental organizations different factions like radicals and paramilitary entities. Economic Factors The economic implications according to Cuadrilla report estimates the drilling test to support 250 FTE jobs in a year. In addition, the UK estimated level of employment reaches its peak of 5600 FTE employment in the period from 2016-2019, which has been coursed since 2013. The interest rate at which Centrica acquired the license is of 25%. According to the reports of Institute of Directors, in May 2013; UK shales gas exploration will acquire 3.7 billion to maintain 74,000 jobs mainly focused in regions with currently high unemployment. However, reporting speech of Business Green emphasize that shale gas exploration sings hydraulic fracturing will help in bringing down the costs of energy by impacting the gas price in UK at a large level (White et al. 2014). Social Factors The social, economic issues critically assess the high profile claims in a development of energy security. However, to reach out to public. Cuadrilla adopted advertising using leaflets such that the residents in Lancashire could be aware of the process of risks associated with hydraulic fracturing. On the other hand, it has created an adverse impact while failures to discuss with the residential stakeholders. The impact has been severe in Cuadrilla's exploration sites whether it is to tress and damage private property by explosives for geological surveys in Lancashire or the ill information passed to residents for drilling operations or the possible level of breaching noise level limits that makes socially enviable to live in any environment. The other factors that influence the need for energy are urbanization because the company is producing more than required and thereby shifting the population to urban sector. However, shale gas industry creates a high degree positive and negativ e impact in the social sphere. Nevertheless, these pros and cons associated with shale gas exploration increase the importance of the company to implement suitable procedures and policies as well as high degree of transparency towards impacted communities and local stakeholders (Rcz and Wilde-Ramsing 2013) Technological Factors The technological factors are the technologies that represent the organization. These factors can influence the company as well as the UK economy. In shale gas exploration, the technologies acquired are horizontal drilling, hydraulic fracturing and water machines for the use of water. These technologies are substitutable by oil and renewable energies but not to a greater extent but is used in many ways whether it is for residential, commercial, transport, power generation or industrial (Davey 2012). Like many coal and oil industries, the shale gas is life phase of maturity because the development of new technologies becomes hard and is half depleted. Therefore, the research and development department of the company needs to work hard to make sustainable technologies that are eco-friendly (Ebenhack and Martnez 2013). Environmental Factors The environmental factors are the main area of concern because the factors influenced by shale gas exploration are many and because of this reason IEA has developed a set of "golden rules" because environmental degradation is costing 7% to the Cuadrilla company for environmental acceptance for social license' to operate. The factors that are causing havoc due to the shale gas exploration accounts for earthquake risk (seismicity) that caused two earthquakes of 2.4 Richer scale caused in Lancashire in 2011. The only potential risk inflicted from these incidents is the well-integrity failure that leads to contamination and methane leakage followed by health risks. Second factor that comes into play is water and ground contamination through hydraulic fracturing, well-integrity failure, run off from well pads, transport, spills and leaks of wastewater and poor handling of wastes or chemicals. The 34% of UK's North Sea suffers well-integrity issue (Harrison, Parkinson and McFarlane 2015). The other issues are water quality, air quality, carbon emissions in the atmosphere, climate change, and health risks are increasing and causing social and environmental determinants of health. However, the climate change perspective is due to the exploitation of shale gas exploration in preference to coal, which is leading to an overall change in carbon emissions. After reviewing the factors, the Environmental Agony has assessed the political impact of the Cuadrilla operations on the water environment and has decided not to permit under the EPR (Mobbs 2012). Legal Factors The public policy regulatory regime to change policy to promote shale gas is beginning with the improvement of fiscal terms under which the companies operates followed by a new proposed system to slower the cost of recovery and the spread of gas to a wider area than traditional oil fields (Stevens 2013). After the consultation with the planning commission, the government provided issues for consideration and insisted on industry-leading standards. The baseline monitoring by the local communities will help in providing planning commission to benefit everyone. In addition, to avoid well-integrity issues, best techniques and materials should be used with community in an oversight rule to identify any such issue (Taskforceonshalegas.uk 2016) SWOT Analysis The SWOT analysis helps to integrate the internal analysis of the environment keeping in the mind the internal analysis that can provide a competitive advantage. The SWOT can be explained by the Figure 2 below. Figure 2 SWOT Analysis of Cuadrilla Source: (Swot.advisorgate.com 2016), (Sale and Mallick 2014) Strategic Options available for Cuadrilla The Gas Generation Strategy is the strategy offered by Cuadrilla rather UK that other strategic options are a part of it. Hence, following approaches are undertaken to enhance the Gas Generation Strategy (Davey 2012). Regulatory Approach The strategic options available for Cuadrilla are based on the regulatory regime it follows. The regulatory approach of Cuadrilla has been working with different regulators namely DECC (Department of Energy and Climate Change), EA (Environmental Agency) and HSE (Health and Safety Executive) combined to achieve a joint approach. In recent years, EA has regulated many risks associated with shale gas exploration such that EA has not only published comprehensive reports but has also analyzed assessment procedures for shale gas covering. The joint approach published by EA and HSE confirms the adoption of unconventional resources (Stevens 2013). Figure 3 Regulatory Process Source: (Correia 2014) Hence, all the different approaches or strategies mentioned below constitute the strategic options. Development and Future Licensing The recent announcements taken on particular onshore licenses show that the last onshore licensing took place in the year 2007. Nevertheless, DECC instigated a Strategic Environment Assessment to further onshore licensing in 2010. The publication of UK Gas Strategy worked on environmental implication to be adopted for future inshore for shale gas exploration (Stevens 2013). The 14th Licensing round accompanied a total of 95 applications from 47 countries. Therefore, after scrutinizing the competency, financial viability, and technical analysis; the decision was taken not to award the license to Wales and Scotland, and other 159 blocks were offered licenses (Roberts and Bremen 2012). However, following the new licensing round in 2015 and favoring the new forms of energy like fracking that could lead to lower bills, lower carbon emissions for the environment. However, with the wealth fund accumulated, the profit opts to spent for the benefit of the local communities (Naturalgaseurope.com 2012) Planning Permission Different proposals for gas and oil developments are subject to necessities by the Minerals Planning Authority (MPA) for the area in which the products operations are carried out in accordance with DECC's consent. Moreover, when a decision is made on the application of planning, then only "material considerations" are explicitly taken into the version. The Government's Planning Practice Guidance list follows a number of principal considerations such that any changes or representations on issues will not be considered when planning are carried forward (shale gas. International 2016) According to March 2015 consultation, new permitted development rights for groundwater monitoring for the drilling of boreholes were considered. However, the government was in the view that speeding up delivery for continuous and strict monitoring for protection of the environment where local planning authority is required (Roberts and Bremen 2012). Corporate Social Responsibility Procedures One of the strategic options that benefit the Cuadrilla activities performed in an environmentally and socially manner is corporate social responsibility. However, Cuadrilla does not publish an annual CSR report as it faces issues in its periodic reports. Nevertheless, Cuadrilla neither is a part of any international sustainability initiatives nor is responsible for any business conduct. It withholds a one page environmental as well as health and safety policy, as most of the factors that hamper the company is environmental concerns (Rcz and Wilde-Ramsing 2013). The issues that are mentioned in the policy are of ground water and aquifer, seismicity, water use, soil protection, carbon emissions, engagement (communication policy) with the employees, disclosure (data specifications), landscape and health and safety (Ppsgroup.co.uk 2016). Tax Tax is even considered a strategic option because tax incentives are announced for shale gas since 2012 and was confirmed under gas generation strategy. However, Treasury has consulted the industry to develop the incentives for forthcoming years (Hannigan 2014) Implementation of Strategic Option Cuadrilla deals with shale gas production in UK that will require the development of the new onshore supply chain for equipment, skills and services and the inclusion of some experience from offshore hydraulic fracturing. UK has not only digging wells since 1919 from which 10% have been done through hydraulic fracturing (Lewis, Speirs and MacSweeney 2014). The implementation should accompany major part in franchising through the regulatory process such that clear incentives are given for replicating the experience in UK, which is probably seeing a decline in the North Sea as the substitutability of products are taking place and more of imports are considered. However, according to the forecasting method by 2020, 59% of gas will be imported (Davies and Green 2013). However, to move to large-scale production of shale gas the adoption of combination of strategic options will be carried to strengthen the existing planning, licensing regimes and environmental permitting for production activities: Licensing will carry a high-level assessment of complex tasks that includes health, covering the life cycle of the proposed. The licensees will consult the stakeholders for early development of the proposals. Thus, this assessment will notify and balance the risk assessment. The Health Protection Agency will review the exploration shale gas on the health impacts from the emissions of land, air, and water. DECC will require licensees to reduce flaming up of methane to the economically minimum where cost-effective alternatives exist. The Office of Unconventional Gas and Oil will perform on the reference in the Academies' Report that the regulatory bodies should review the necessities for effectual regulation of important potential production of shale gas. The EA is thereby reviewing the inferences of shale gas for its regulatory tasks, and considering whether supplementary controls and monitoring requirements are needed for methane production. DECC will be charging supplementary work on the environmental inferences of potential licensing that will regard as all the new information that is available (Uk.practicallaw.com 2013). Conclusion The critical assessment of Cuadrilla has been considered based on environmental analysis that is carried out using PESTEL and SWOT analysis in the internal and external environment. However, the analysis is further carried out using the selection and application for different strategic approaches that Cuadrilla adapts and results in implementing to a strategic option which is economically viable, involves corporate social responsibility procedures and planning permission with respect to government environment regulations like EA, DECC, and Health Protection Agency. References: Chazan, G. and Kavanagh, M. 2016.Centrica buys into Cuadrillas Lancashire fracking licence - FT.com. [online] Financial Times. Available at: https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/38bb9bc6-d40a-11e2-8639-00144feab7de.html#axzz41ZgIanr6 [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Correia, D. 2014.Proposed Shale Gas Exploration Wells Bowland Basin, Lancashire Cuadrilla Resources. [online] mme.gov.br. Available at: https://www.mme.gov.br/documents/1138769/1839696/Sess%C3%B5es+6_7+-+Des+Correia.pdf/b53cb9e7-97d5-4f34-8615-167eb8c1b788;jsessionid=B79A8F61A1617E249932D374A499EFAD.srv154 [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Cuadrillaresources.com, 2016.About Us | Cuadrilla Resources. [online] Available at: https://www.cuadrillaresources.com/about-us/ [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Davey, E. 2012.Gas generation strategy. London: TSO. Davies, H. and Green, D., 2013.Global Financial Regulation: The Essential Guide (Now with a Revised Introduction). John Wiley Sons Ebenhack, B.W. and Martnez, D.M., 2013.The Path to More Sustainable Energy Systems: How Do We Get There from Here?. Momentum Press. Gu, B. and Nazmy, H., 2014. Britains Shale Gas Zeal and Riches.Journal of European Management Public Affairs Studies,1(2), pp.5-10. Hannigan, J., 2014.Environmental sociology. Routledge. Harrison, G., Parkinson, S. and McFarlane, G. 2015.Shale gas and fracking: examining the evidence. [online] sgr.org.uk. Available at: https://www.sgr.org.uk/sites/sgr.org.uk/files/SGR-CIEH-Shale-gas-bfg.pdf [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. issuu.com, 2013.Shale Gas Investment Guide Vol. 4. [online] Available at: https://issuu.com/cleantechpoland/docs/sgig4/39 [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Lewis, C., Speirs, J. and MacSweeney, R. 2014.Getting ready for UK shale gas. [Online] ey.com. Available at: https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Getting_ready_for_UK_shale_gas/$FILE/EY-Getting-ready-for-UK-shale-gas-April-2014.pdf [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Mobbs, P. 2012.Shale Gas: An Analysis of UK Policy and Cuadrilla Resources Exploration Activities in Lancashire. [Online] fraw.org.uk. Available at: https://www.fraw.org.uk/mei/archive/reports/pollution/shale_gas_in_lancashire.pdf [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Naturalgaseurope.com, 2012.UK Autumn Statement Leaves Confusion. [Online] Available at: https://www.naturalgaseurope.com/renewable-and-environmental-sectors-unhappy-with-uk-gas-predictions [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Ppsgroup.co.uk, 2016.PPS Group. [Online] Available at: https://www.ppsgroup.co.uk/case-studies/cuadrilla-resources/ [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Rcz, K. and Wilde-Ramsing, J. 2013.Cuadrilla Resources Ltd. Quick Scan. [Online] Somo.nl. Available at: https://www.somo.nl/publications-en/Publication_4007/at_download/fullfile [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Roberts, P. and Bremen, J. 2012.Shale gas in the UK: ready to frack and roll. [Online] ashurst.com. Available at: https://www.ashurst.com/doc.aspx?id_Content=8620 [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Sale, A. and Mallick, G. 2014.World Shale Gas Market - Opportunities and Forecasts, 2013 - 2020. [Online] Allied Market Research. Available at: https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/shale-gas-market [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Selley, R.C., 2012. UK shale gas: the story so far.Marine and petroleum geology,31(1), pp.100-109. Sheikh, H. 2013.Hamas Business Blog. [Online] Hamzasbusiness.blogspot.in. Available at: https://hamzasbusiness.blogspot.in/ [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Stevens, P.P., 2013. Shale Gas in the United Kingdom.Chatham House London. Swot.advisorgate.com, 2016.Cuadrilla Resources - SWOT analysis. Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats for over 40,000+ companies and industries. [Online] Available at: https://swot.advisorgate.com/swot-c/10472-swot-analysis-cuadrilla-resources.html [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Taskforceonshalegas.uk, 2016.Issues and Recommendations | Task Force on Shale Gas. [Online] Available at: https://www.taskforceonshalegas.uk/shale-gas-issues [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Uk.practicallaw.com, 2013.Practical Law. [Online] Available at: https://uk.practicallaw.com/3-523-4610?source=relatedcontent [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. Werth, C. 2013.Fracking in the UK: Supporters Look to Avoid 'Reckless' US Mistakes. [Online] Public Radio International. Available at: https://www.pri.org/stories/2013-03-19/fracking-uk-supporters-look-avoid-reckless-us-mistakes [Accessed 29 Feb. 2016]. White, E., Fell, M., Smith, L. and Keep, M., 2014. Shale gas and fracking. Parliamentary Briefing, London: The Stationary Office,201. Yksel, I., 2012. Developing a multi-criteria decision making model for PESTEL analysis.International Journal of Business and Management,7(24), p.52.

The Pearl - Greed Essays - The Pearl, Greed,

The Pearl - Greed Ever since Midas' lust for gold, it appears to be that manhas acquired a greed and appetite for wealth. Juana, the Priest,and the doctor have all undergone a change due to money. Theyare all affected by their hunger for wealth and inturn are thebase for their own destruction, and the destruction of society.Steinbeck's "The Pearl" is a study of man's self destruction through greed. Juana, the faithful wife of Kino, a paltry peasant man, had lived a spiritual life for what had seemed like as long as shecould remember. When her son Coyito fell ill from the bite of ascorpion, she eagerly turned towards the spiritual aspects oflife. Beginning to pray for her son's endangered life. Thedoctor who had resided in the upper-class section of the town,refused to assistant the child, turning them away when theyarrived at the door. Lastly they turned to the sea to seek theirfortune. When Juana set sight on the "Pearl of The World." shefelt as though all her prayers had been answered, if she couldh ave foreseen the future what she would have seen would have beena mirror image of her reality. Juana's husband was caught in a twisted realm of mirrors, and they were all shattering one byone. In the night he heard a "sound so soft that it might havebeen simply a thought..." and quickly attacked the trespasser.This is where the problems for Juana and her family began. Thefear that had mounted in Kino's body had taken control over hisactions. Soon even Juana who had always had faith in herhusband, had doubted him greatly. "It will destroy us all" sheyelled as her attempt to rid the family of the pearl had failed.Kino had not listened however, and soon Juana began to lose herspiritual side and for a long time she had forgotten her prayersthat had at once meant so much to her. She had tried to helpKino before to much trouble had aroused, only to discover thatshe was not competent enough to help. A hypocrathic oath is said before each medical student isgranted a Doctors degree. In the o ath they swear to aid the ill,and cure the injured. In the village of La Paz there lived adoctor who had earned his wealth by helping those that were illand could afford his services. Not once in his long career wouldhe have dared refuse to aid a wealthy lawyer or noblemen.However when Kino and the group of money hungry peasants arrivedat his door with a poisoned child he had refused them entrysaying "Have I nothing better to do than cure insect bites for`little Indians'? I am a doctor, not a veterinary." for the doctor had known that the peasants hadn't any money. He had beento Paris and had enjoyed the splendors of the world, andtherefore he wouldn't be seen dealing with the less fortunate ashe knew that the less fortunate would surely always be just that-less fortunate. However it seemed that he had been stereotypicalof the less fortunate, as he soon discovered when hearing of agreat pearl discovered by the peasants who had knocked upon hisdoor earlier that day. A hunger for weal th was what pushed himto visit the peasants house and aid their destitute son. Howeverhe had already ended Coyito's life without knowing he'd done so,for if he had administered aid to Coyito when they were first atthe doctors door, Kino would have no reason to seek his fortunein the ocean, and would not be led down the road to hardships.One might think that a doctor, one who has the image of beingpassive, and caring should not stoop to such a level. When one is down on their luck, chances are they will turnto superstition in hope to acquire what it is that they wouldwant to achieve. A good example of this would be a good luckcharm such as a rabbit's foot. In La Paz the peasants wereuneducated and probably had never heard of a superstition. Thepeasants only reliability, there only scapegoat was God. God hadalways been their to aid them in there times of need. The firstreaction of Juana when seeing the scorpion is a good example ofspirituality, rather than attempt to kill the scorpion she beganto pray to God for safety.

Biography of Ian Wilmut Essays

Biography of Ian Wilmut Essays Biography of Ian Wilmut Paper Biography of Ian Wilmut Paper | The Life and Accomplishments of Ian Wilmut| Dr. Ian Wilmut with the year-old Dolly in 1997. Dolly was the first animal to be cloned from DNA taken from an adult animal.  © Najlah Feanny/CORBIS SABA| James Ray| Shepherd University| 9/16/2011| | Ian Wilmut is an embryologist from England that is arguably the most controversial researcher in recent history. He is considered to be the pioneer of cloning. He and his colleagues successfully cloned a lamb they named Dolly. He received many awards for his controversial work while enduring great backlash for the ethical implications of his accomplishments. Ian Wilmut was born July 7, 1944 in Hampton Lucy, Warwickshire, England (American Academy of Achievement, 2005). His father was Leonard Wilmut, a mathematics teacher at the Boys’ High School in Scarborough were Ian would later attend. His father was also a long time diabetes sufferer that eventually lost his sight to the disease (Lovetoknow Corp, 2008). It is thought that this experience may have been the early foundation for Ian Wilmut’s interest in scientific research. As a child, Ian Wilmut was raised in the town of Coventry (American Academy of Achievement, 2005). Early in his life Wilmut was interested in agriculture and farming spending much of his time in the outdoors and working as a farm hand (Wilmut, Creating the Genetic Replica, 1998). Wilmut once dreamed of a naval career, but those dreams were short lived due to his color blindness (Wilmut, Creating the Genetic Replica, 1998). As a young adult Ian Wilmut attended the University of Nottingham to pursue a degree in Agriculture. He felt he did not have the business sense to be successful in commercial farming so Wilmut focused his attention on agricultural research. While completing his undergraduate work at the University of Nottingham, Wilmut was exposed to the field of embryology by his mentor G. Eric Lamming. Lamming was a renowned expert in reproduction and after introducing Wilmut to his field, Wilmut knew that genetic engineering of animals was his quest in life. After graduation from the University of Nottingham, Wilmut attended the Darwin College at the University of Cambridge. In 1966 Wilmut spent 8 weeks working with Christopher Polge in his laboratory (Wilmut, Creating the Genetic Replica, 1998). Polge is credited with developing the technique of cryopreservation in 1949 (Rall, 2007). Wilmut was fascinated by Polge’s work and joined his laboratory in pursuit of a research PhD. His doctoral dissertation dealt with the freezing of boar semen and embryos. Based on this research, Wilmut was able to successfully produce the first calf born from a frozen embryo, a Hereford-Friesian named Frostie (Wilmut, Campbell, Tudge, The Second Creation: Dolly and the Age of Biological Control, 2000). This scientific advance allowed cattle breeders to increase the quality of their herd by implanting the embryos of the cows that produced the best meat and milk into cows of inferior quality. Wilmut graduated with his PhD in 1973 and took a research job with the Animal Breeding Research Station in Scotland. The research station was both privately and government funded and soon became known as the Roslin Institute in Roslin, Scotland (Wilmut, Campbell, Tudge, The Second Creation: Dolly and the Age of Biological Control, 2000). It is widely believed that Wilmut began his research in embryology after over hearing a conversation about Dr. Steen Willadsen, an embryologist that had used a cell from an embryo already in development to clone a sheep. Wilmut began applying Dr. Willesden’s research findings to his own research at the Roslin Institute. In 1991, animal activists heard about Wilmut’s research and burned down his laboratory. However, Wilmut was undeterred and secured funding from Pharmaceutical Proteins, LTD Therapeutics to continue his research. The greatest and most controversial part of Wilmut’s career began in 1996. Wilmut and a team of researchers took the DNA of a 6 year old Finn Dorset ewe’s mammary gland, switched off the active genes, and fused it with an egg cell from a Scottish Blackface ewe from which he removed the genetic material (Wilmut, Campbell, Tudge, The Second Creation: Dolly and the Age of Biological Control, 2000). Wilmut used electricity to fuse that mammary cell with its own DNA to the empty egg while it was in the dormant state. He repeated the same process with 277 udder cells and eggs from sheep (Wilmut, Campbell, Tudge, The Second Creation: Dolly and the Age of Biological Control, 2000). 9 of those eggs began to grow and divide into embryos (Wilmut, Campbell, Tudge, The Second Creation: Dolly and the Age of Biological Control, 2000). Wilmut then transferred the 29 embryos into surrogate sheep resulting in 13 of the sheep becoming pregnant (Wilmut, Campbell, Tudge, The Second Creation: Dolly and the Age of Biological Control, 2000). Of those 13 sheep, only one delivered a healthy lamb (Wilmut, Campbell, Tudge, The Second Creation: Dolly and the Age of Biological Control, 2000). On July 5, 1996, Dolly was born at the Roslin Institute. Wilmut has said that he named the lamb after country music singer Dolly Parton (Wilmut, Creating the Genetic Replica, 1998). After insuring Dolly was developing in a healthy manner and securing a patent for his work, Wilmut introduced Dolly to the world in February 1997 as a product of somatic cell nuclear transfer. DNA testing revealed that Dolly was in fact the genetic replica of her mother (Dewar, 2004). Dolly delivered four healthy offspring during her lifetime. In 2003, Dolly succumbed to pulmonary adenomatosis (Wilmut Highfield, After Dolly, 2006). After cloning Dolly, Wilmut went on to produce Molly and Polly, who had commercial value. They were each cloned with a human gene that allowed their milk to contain a blood clotting protein factor IX, which could be extracted to treat human hemophilia (Wilmut Highfield, After Dolly, 2006). Eventually, herds of sheep with genetic proteins in their milk could be produced, turning them into living drug factories for other diseases as well. Wilmut hoped that technology could be used with pigs to create human-adaptable organs for transplants. He also envisioned that certain genes could be more easily isolated and modified. Wilmut did could not have predicted the controversy his accomplishments would create. Media played up society’s fears of cloning human beings. Religious organizations lobbied against the use of embryos in research and called it murder. In March 1997, Wilmut appeared before the U. S. Senate public health and safety subcommittee hearing to discuss the ethical implications of his work. He said†I know what is bothering people about all this. I understand why the world is suddenly at my door. But this is my work. It has always been my work, and it doesn’t have anything to do with creating copies of human beings. I am no haunted by what I do, if that’s what you want to know. I sleep very well at night. † In 1999, Wilmut lobbied for a change to Great Britain’s 1990 Human Fertilization and Embryology Act to allow for the use of surplus eggs from assisted fertilization treatments to be developed for their stem cells. He sits on a Church of Scotland committee that examines the ethical issues surrounding advancements in science and technology. Although he is not a religious person, his focus is to neutralize critics so that scientific and technological advances can continue. Ian Wilmut wrote two books with his colleagues including Keith Campbell. These works include The Second Creation: The Age of Biological Control by the Scientists Who Cloned Dolly and After Dolly. In 2005, Wilmut received a license in the U. K. to clone human embryos for the purpose of culturing human stem cells. His goal was to investigate treatments for Motor Neuron Disorder. At the same time, the United States passed legislation to prohibit the use of government funding for research involving human embryos. Wilmut abandoned his use of human embryos when Dr. Shinya Yamanaka of Japan was able to program skin cells from adult mice to revert back to their original stem cell state. Ian Wilmut’s discoveries and advancements to the scientific community have garnered him several awards. His work with Dolly earned him Time Magazine’s 1997 Man of the Year Runner Up (Time Magazine, 1997). In 1998 he was inducted into the Museum of Living History in Washington, D. C. and was given the Lord Lloyd of Kilgerran Award. He was entered into the Order of the British Empire (OBE), the Fraternal Order of the Royal Society (FRE), the United Kingdom’s Academy of Sciences (FMedSci), and the Royal Society of Edinburgh (FRSE). In 2008, he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II of England (BBC, 2007). Ian Wilmut is a balding, unassuming man. He is married with three children, Helen, Naomi, and Dean. While currently out of the controversial limelight, Wilmut is the current Director of the Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine at the University of Edinburgh. He lives in the Scottish countryside with his family. He enjoys gardening, the sport of curling and taking long walks (Wilmut, Creating the Genetic Replica, 1998). The impact of Ian Wilmut’s work is far reaching. It lays the basis for possibly treating or curing diseases such as Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s through the use of stem cells (Wilmut Highfield, After Dolly, 2006). It could lead to better agricultural stock without the fear of deadly diseases such as mad cow disease (Wilmut, Campbell, Tudge, The Second Creation: Dolly and the Age of Biological Control, 2000). Furthermore, his works could possibly be used to prevent animals from becoming extinct. Although controversial, I believe Ian Wilmut’s advances in science are for the greater good. The only concern I have is now that the process is known, what is to prevent some self funded millionaire from cloning humans (Dewar, 2004). It is easier to control research that is dependent on public or governmental funds, but one cannot control those that already have the funds. I chose Ian Wilmut because I was interested in cloning and what useful purposes it has for society. I understood the implications for the treatment of diseases but I did not realize the other uses as well. For example, I did not think that a lamb could be genetically engineered, without harm, to produce milk that could treat hemophilia in humans (Wilmut, Campbell, Tudge, The Second Creation: Dolly and the Age of Biological Control, 2000). I did not consider that cloning could be used to prevent the extinction of endangered species. Time Magazine. (1997, March 10). Time. American Academy of Achievement. (2005, October 25). Retrieved September 15, 2011, from Museum of Living History: achievement. org/autodoc/page/wil0bio-1 BBC. (2007, December 29). Retrieved September 22, 2011, from BBC: http://news. bbc. co. uk/1/uk/7163587. stm Lovetoknow Corp. (2008). Retrieved September 20, 2011, from biography. yourdictionary. com: http://biography. ourdictionary. com/ian-wilmut Dewar, E. (2004). The Second Tree. New York: Carrol Graf Publishers. Rall, W. (2007). Ernest John Christopher Polge. In W. Rall, Cryobiology (pp. 241-242). Wilmut, I. (1998, May 23). Creating the Genetic Replica. (T. A. Achievement, Interviewer) Wilmut, I. , Highfield, R. (2006). After Dolly. New York: W. W. Norton Company. Wilmut, I. , Campbell, K. , Tudge, C. (2000). The Second Creation: Dolly and the Age of Biological Control. New York: Farrar, Str aus and Giroux.

47 of the Best Training Resources to Hone Your Marketing Skills

47 of the Best Training Resources to Hone Your Marketing Skills Marketing teams are constantly busy. There’s barely enough time to get on top of your projects, much less take a couple hours out of the day to do some marketing training. But here’s a thought†¦ What if the training helped your team be more efficient at their jobs? Thus saving time in the long run. Not sure where to turn to find the right training opportunities for your marketing team? No stress. This post contains a comprehensive list of the best free and paid marketing courses to help your team hone their marketing skills. Check out this awesome list of the best free and paid marketing training resources.Help Your Team Develop Agile Marketing Skills Before we dive into all the marketing training opportunities, let’s talk about a much-needed marketing skill†¦ Project management. You know the feeling – The one where you’re drowning in work, chasing endless status updates and barely keeping a handle on all the things your team is working on. We’ve all been there. 😠¬ It doesn’t have to be this way. Check out how implementing an Agile approach to your marketing can change your (work) life. Table of Contents Content Marketing SEO Programming Analytics Social Media PPC Why Training is Important for Marketing Teams There is arguably no department at an organization that should prioritize training more than the marketing department. Hear me out on this one†¦ Can you think of anything within an organization that moves faster than marketing? Marketers are beholden to changing social media rules†¦ Search engine algorithm updates†¦ Email privacy regulations†¦ The list goes on. Marketers need consistant  training to stay in-the-know. Marketers are also often expected to wear multiple hats. How many times have you had to create a quick graphic for social media – even though you’re not a graphic designer? OR†¦ How many times have you had to jump into Google Analytics to check the health of your content marketing efforts, despite your limited analytics knowledge? Quite a few I bet. These are great examples of why marketers can (and should) take a course or two to brush up on skills outside of their expertise. Organizational Benefits of Training and Development Increasing employee motivation and decreasing turnover is something every company strives for. Turns out, a simple way to do this is to offer your employees a great training and development program. Here are all the statistics about the organizational benefits of training and development: Companies have a  218%  higher income per employee than those without formalized training. There’s a 24%  higher profit margin for companies that prioritize training than those who don’t. 40%  of employees who don’t receive training will leave their positions within the first year. 87%  of Millennials say that professional development is significant to them. 70%  of individuals say training and development opportunities influence their decision to stay at a company.

Undergraduate Degree in Economics at the University of Brunei Essay

Undergraduate Degree in Economics at the University of Brunei Darussalam - Essay Example Shortly after my PGCE course, I was posted to a Secondary school teaching fourth and fifth years "O" Level Economics and Mathematics.   Then last year, the Ministry of Education implemented a new educational system where various new subjects were introduced. Our Minister of Education further mentioned that teachers need to be more knowledgeable in the subjects they teach, sounding the challenge that "a good teacher is someone who can master the subject".   Along with this challenge, the Minister of Education unveiled a program to provide the scholarship for teachers to pursue further studies in the subjects aligned with their degrees in The United Kingdom. During the nine years, I have been in the school, teaching Economics and Mathematics for "O" Level students, I have held many administrative responsibilities that have taught me numerous lessons in school management. My most challenging was when I was appointed as Head of the Timetabling Section, looking after teachers and clas sroom timetables. Coordinating schedules and university resources was a challenge I truly relished as it gave me an opportunity to apply my skills in organizing events, logistics and leading people; as I have been, for the most part of my life, an outgoing person who loves being around and working with people in various positions.   My experience is with the school's Scouting Club, various Sports Clubs and the Parents-Teachers Association served me well in successfully executing my duties. This year, I have been appointed as the new Head of Examination Section. This entailed that I work independently, under considerable pressure, and yet work as well as I can in getting along with others

Quiz 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Quiz 5 - Essay Example It makes no state gaining more power or strength against another. Imbalance in the powers results in joining of a weaker state to a stronger one from a significant external threat (Farrier 34) Interest group within the domestic policy plays major roles. Setting of government agenda and directing implementations become the main role. The groups also define opinions and effect decisions. The roles make the interest groups effective. The study by Burstein and Linton shows that the interest groups have impact on policy (Aggarwal 78) Utilization of task forces and study commissions enables president success. Complete investigation and research by the presidents enable utilization of their task force. The president also provide technical assistance to the peoples. Utilization is through ensuring that the presentations are balanced and informed. The presidents do not utilize the task force without focusing on economic growth, competiveness and job creation. Open mindedness in decision-making is one of the constituents of policy leadership. This is because it enables acceptance and evaluation of opinions from all the parties and work for the good of the whole. Another constituent is flexibility and adaptability. This component enables a leader to accept changes and situations and adjust to them (Kaiser 13). Additionally, good communication from a leader through listening, understanding the desires, problems and the needs of ones clients is important for any policy

Ice and Snow Removal Essay Example for Free

Ice and Snow Removal Essay Ice can affect an airplane’s engine two ways. First, it can form in the carburetor of the engine, blocking the travel of the fuel-air mixture through the carb and possibly resulting in engine failure. Second, ice can also form over the air inlets through which the stream of air must flow on its way to the intake system of the power plant (Eichenberg, 2001 p. 14). Deep inside of the carb, there is a little passageway through increase in its temperature because the compression physically forces the molecules of the gas closer to each other. When the compressive force is removed, as it is when the fuel-air mixture travels back into a wide opening of the venturi, the temperature of the gas drops. Cooling occurs because the compressive force has been removed and the molecules spread out; hence, molecular activity (heat) declines. A small flapper that controls how much fuel air mixture is allowed to go into the cylinders is placed in or very near the venturi tube. This flapper device is called a â€Å"throttle place. † When you push in or pull out the throttle control in the cockpit, the action is to move the throttle plate in the carburetor. In turn, the throttle plate is regulating the amount of the fuel-air mixture that is being fed to the intake system of the engine: more flow, more power; less flow, less power. It works the same way in a car engine (Andersland and Ladanyi, 2004 p. 242). When the air is colder than freezing, ice loves to form on the edges of hard objects that are placed in the stream of the air laden with water vapor. Moreover, the temperature drop in the carburetor can be as much as 90F and the freezing point of water is 32 °F, carburetor ice can be a possibility anytime (Lankford, 2000 p. 68); hence, the removal of ice and snow is necessary . Discussion Ice Formation and the Processes Involved In understanding the concepts of ice and snow removal, it is essential to understand the process behind the rationale of ice formation in these structures to further comprehend the rationale behind the mechanics of ice and snow removal. Icing on the airframe of an airplane is deadly, although severity cannot be overemphasized (Andersland and Ladanyi, 2004 p. 242). Any accumulation is a situation that must be dealt with immediate concern especially is it has been prior to plane functioning. The course of action the pilot takes depends upon many factors, including but certainly not limited to whether the airplane has any ice-protection equipment. Normally the water in the air is in a gaseous state, and we refer to it as water vapor. Water vapor will change to the liquid state at a certain temperature (determined by atmospheric conditions) and become visible, and such temperature is considered as the dew point (Eichenberg, 2001 p. 14). When the dew point is lower than the ambient temperature, the vapor remains a gas, and the water molecules may not be evident in the air. When much vapor is contained in the air that the air cannot hold any more, the humidity has reached or very nearly approached the 100% level (Ashford, Stanton, Moore, 1997 p. 312). When humidity hits 100 percent, dew point and temperature will be the same, and water vapor will start becoming visible. The formation may evidently become fog, clouds, rain, drizzle, or other forms (Eichenberg, 2001 p. 16). Airplanes can fly just fine through most visible moisture as long as the temperature at the flight level is warm enough that the water do not freeze. However, when the ambient temperatures are cold enough that the water in the air is already frozen, it generally will not adhere to the airframe: hence, structural icing is not generally a problem in those conditions. Water can exist in the liquid state at temperatures below 32F. It is called super cooled water (Ashford, Stanton, Moore, 1997 p. 313). The science behind this phenomenon is complex, and it is essential to understand that super cooled water can be present even though the temperature outside the airplane below freezing. When a droplet of super cooled water hits the airplane, the surface tension on the outside of the droplet breaks (Andersland and Ladanyi, 2004 p. 247). Since the airframe is cold and at or below freezing, if the ambient temperature is likewise, the droplet freezes to the airframe upon impact, and ice forms. Ignore the friction heating that occurs on the leading edges of the airframe, when though the space shuttle gets red hot from friction as it reenters the atmosphere, it will not gain any similar effect in a small airplane (Andersland and Ladanyi, 2004 p.246). At speeds faster than about 400 knots, ice seldom adheres to airframes, but does not go that fast either. When your light airplane goes through the applicable atmospheric conditions, ice will form on it (Lankford, 2000 p. 64). Airframe icing can also occur when the clouds or other visible moisture and the surface of the airplane are at a temperature slightly warmer than freezing and the water is not super cooled. As water droplets hit the airframe and splatter, they cool slightly (Eichenberg, 2001 p. 16). Expect airframe ice in temperatures as warm as about 34 °Ã¢â‚¬â€36 °F. Ice that forms on the structure of the airplane falls into three classifications: rime, clear, and mixed. Rime ice is cloudy in appearance due primarily to the fact that it contains air entrained within the ice (Ashford, Stanton, Moore, 1997 p. 312). Clear ice is smooth and much more transparent than is rime because it has little if any air trapped inside. On the other hand, mixed ice is a combination of rime and clear types. The Dangers of Ice and the Rationale for its Removal Ice and snow removal in air crafts post various risks that may affect the passengers and the crew present especially during flight. Our discussion about the effects of ice on the airframe and dealing with icing encounters assumes that flying an airplane that is not approved for flight into known icing conditions. Only a very few light, single engine airplanes are so approved, while the greatest majority of light planes cannot be flown into icing conditions, either legally or safely (Ashford, Stanton, Moore, 1997 p. 314). Accumulations of ice on the airframe do three things, none of which is positive: airfoils change shape, weight is added, and drag increases The worst part of airframe ice is the simple fact that all three negatives act together—you never get just one or two of them (Eichenberg, 2001 p. 16). When ice accumulates, the airplane needs to carry more weight, with a wing that has far less lifting power than it will when clean of ice, and the airplane’s increased drag must be overcome by a propeller that cannot produce its normal thrust, since it is contaminated with ice too (Andersland and Ladanyi, 2004 p. 248). This combination has effects that are exponential in the decreased performance of the airplane. Any amount of Ice on the wings, tail surfaces, and propeller changes the shape of the affected surface. This change of shape changes the airfoil and alters its characteristics. Ice never accumulates exactly the same way twice, so when flying an airplane, not approved for known icing conditions, and get into ice with it (Kazda and Caves, 2007 p. 112). When a factory seeks certification of an airplane for flight into known icing, any experiments and analyses are performed that do not done for a lightplane, which is not going to be certified for known icing (Ashford, Stanton, Moore, 1997 p. 313). The manufacturer will do, or contract to have done, what is known as an impingement analysis. This means that, through the use of computer models and scientific analysis, engineers will look at the airfoils and determine where water droplets of certain sizes will affect the leading edge. After the impingement analysis is completed, the airplane will be flown in natural icing conditions as a part of its certification trials (Vinson, Rooney, 2006 p. 72). Often, a model of the wing will be put into a wind tunnel that can spray water droplets onto it, and further test the results of the impingement analysis. Moreover, the airplane will be flown behind a tanker that sprays water onto it so the flight test people can see how the entire deicing system works in flight (Eichenberg, 2001 p. 18). None of these steps is taken when certifying an airplane that will not be approved for flight into known icing (Andersland and Ladanyi, 2004 p. 248). Such is the reason for precarious position when getting into ice in a typical light plane, which has never been tested or certified for known icing. Nobody knows what shape the airfoils will take as Ice builds on them. As the accumulation progresses, the shapes of the wing, tail surfaces, and prop are continually changing (Kazda and Caves, 2007 p. 114). No one knows the handling qualities, stall speeds, stall characteristics, reduction of prop thrust, or any of the other performance parameters of what is now a totally new and different airplane (Ashford, Stanton, Moore, 1997 p. 314). Ice adds mass to the entire airframe where it adheres. Mass equals weight; therefore, an airplane encountering ice gets heavier as the ice grows. Ice is also very heavy. Water weighs about 64 pounds per cubic foot, and recall that clear ice will be very close to the weight of water (Andersland and Ladanyi, 2004 p. 246). Rime and mixed ice will be a little lighter, but not by much. As the buildup occurs, the drag penalty increases, and again the effects grow at exponential rates. Even small parts of the airplane, like radio antennae, once coated with ice, become producers of large amounts of drag (Vinson, Rooney, 2006 p. 71). Snow and Ice Removal in Ground Areas Occasionally, some will find an airport that will use sand on a runway and other paved areas, but sand can wreak havoc when ingested into turbine engines, it can also be picked up by propellers and heavily abrade them With the increasing jet and turboprop fleets, sand is not used much anymore. Most airports do a very good job of plowing snow from the areas where airplanes operate (Eichenberg, 2001 p. 16). However, plowing alone cannot remove all of the snow, and is little help at clearing ice from the paved areas. Even though the modern chemicals do some good, a runway cannot be rid of ice like a road can where salt is used. Pilots have to expect and deal with ice on the ground.

Understanding Early Man : Scientific Discovery vs. Emotionally Driven Hypothesis :: Anthropology Essays Paleontology Papers

Understanding Early Man : Scientific Discovery vs. Emotionally Driven Hypothesis The ways in which we attempt to determine the history of early man say much more about who we are today, and who we will be tomorrow, and who we want to be today, and who we want to be tomorrow, than they do about who we were in the past. This statement comes from a person who knows little about science, and less about the specific scientific techniques used in archeological excavation and analysis. But it seems to me that much of the observations that are made in the study of early man are predicated as much on new theory as they are on old observation, and much of the old observation seems to be based on how humans act now, rather than in the past. For instance, an entire new field of study known as "Evolutionary Psychology" is based on the premise that we can understand who we are today based on how we have evolved, and what we have evolved from. Evolution, is more or less a proven fact, analogous to gravity, it is a theory that we have used to understand countless other phenomena in the world around us. But there is no theory about how early man behaved, how he evolved, or even, what he looked like, that comes even close to being as widely accepted. In other words, this new field of study is based on science that does not yet exist, and might not ever exist, and the thinking behind it is similar to thinking behind the study of early man. Evolutionary psychologists use things we don't know about who we were then to try and understand who we are now, and anthropologists use things we don't know about who we are now to try and understand who we were then. Our debates about these early human ancestors echo our debates about our present and our modern history to such a degree, that in some ways, this echo seems to cast doubts on the entire process of examination.A great debate in history departments around the world who study the Twentieth Century concerns what is known as the "Great Man Theory." This theory supposes that the major events, and major social changes, of the past century were due more to the actions of a handful of men and women (usually those in positions of great power, or those who made important scientific discoveries) rather than to the actions of the majority.

A Thousand Splendid Suns Narrative Strategies Essay

A Thousand Splendid Suns the reader would think it’s a happy novel, however there’s nothing particularly â€Å"splendid† one would assume about the novel. From the very beginning of the novel the author, Khaled Hosseini inserts hints and foreshadowing to aware the reader that it will be an unhappy story. This is evident in the following illustration when Mariam breaks the sugar bowl , â€Å"It was the last peice that slipped from Mariam’s fingers, that fell to the wooden floorboards of thekolba and shattered† (Hosseini 2). Hosseini is generating depressing emotions in the novel by introducing words † fell† or â€Å"shattered† resembling failure or sin. The reader also gets introduced to the word â€Å"Harami† and other words, such as â€Å"kolba† and â€Å"Jinn† which are terms not identified by the author, so the reader must rely on the context to better understand what the word means. For example, when Mariam expresses the fear that the â€Å"jinn† has returned to her mother, the reader will assume that jinn is something bad. The use of these terms establishes the setting , but also signifies that some things cannot be translated remaining a mystery for the reader. In the novel , Hosseini makes the reader live, see and feel by portraying the experiences the characters are going through in the novel, and by writing from a third person point of view , he broadens the readers ability because the perspective of the characters is limited, sometimes Mariam, sometimes Laila, which works to great effect to attach the reader to both characters equally.

Discuss the Use of Mendacity in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Essay

Discuss Williams’ treatment of mendacity in Act I and Act II â€Å"Mendacity is the system in which men live† – Brick to Big Daddy Mendacity is a key theme in the play â€Å"Cat on a Hot Tin Roof† and the lies that the characters in the play keep from each other is a technique Williams uses to create suspense and scandal. The secrets that eventually surface are what Williams dubs the â€Å"inadmissible things† that are repressed at all costs. The two main subjects of repression are Bricks concealed homosexuality and Big Daddy’s imminent death, which the family are all aware of except Big Daddy himself, and Big Mama. Big Mama desperately invests all her future hopes in the dream of Brick becoming a family man after the men are forced to confront these secrets. She is under the false belief that the responsibility of fatherhood will put an end to his alcoholism, and that their estate could go to the rightful heir. Big Mama believes that the pre servation of the family line runs through Brick, and he will represent Daddy’s immortality. The idyllic fantasy of Brick and Maggie’s â€Å"family†, however, is yet another of the play’s lies. The relationship between Brick and Maggie in â€Å"Cat on a hot tin roof† represents repression of both the truth and sexual desires. Maggie continuously refers to herself as a â€Å"cat† which is a method used by Williams to represent how through how her husband’s neglect she has been forced into a constant state of anxiety and bitterness and is frantically desiring Bricks affection. Brick is cold towards Maggie from the beginning of the play which insinuates that perhaps an incident had happened previously in their marriage that caused Maggie to become frantic and Brick to resort to liquor in an attempt to â€Å"put up a screen himself and the real world† namely his relationship with his wife. Maggie possesses a constant burning desire to have a child with Brick, not only because she loves him, but as she believes it will help them ga in a larger share of Big Daddy’s fortune when he dies from cancer. As Maggie is fully aware of the fact that Big Daddy’s death is imminent she resorts to bringing up the subject of Brick’s late friend Skipper in an attempt to relate with the cold, emotionless Brick; something we learn Brick made her promise not to do on the grounds that they’ll stay together. The mendacity in Brick and Maggie’s marriage begins to surface at the end of Act I when Maggie suggest that the feelings that Skipper had for Brick weren’t â€Å"pure† and implies that Skipper had homosexual desires for Brick. Brick becomes angered by the fact that Maggie was  insinuating that Skipper was gay, he tells her she’s naming their friendship â€Å"dirty† to which she exclaims â€Å"I’m naming it so damn clean that it killed Skipper!†. Williams uses Skipper’s suicide to create a reason for Brick to turn to alcohol. In Act II Brick reveals to Big Daddy that mendacity is the reason that he drinks, and he drin ks to escape reality and so things, in his own head, become â€Å"peaceful†. Williams uses the unrequited love felt for Brick by many of the characters to create a sense of responsibility to which Brick is in no fit state to live up too. This is physically represented by the way Brick repeatedly tries to flee from having an important conversation with Big Daddy in Act II. Both the characters of Big Daddy and Brick display disgust with mendacity. Big Daddy represents this with his outbursts at his own family such as when he confronts Mae for eavesdropping and says â€Å"I can’t stand sneakin’ and spyin’ in makes me puke†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Big Daddy also reveals to Brick at how he can’t stand Big Mamma, and continuously refers to her as â€Å"fat an’ ugly† and confessing how he â€Å"never should have wasted so much time with her†. Big Daddy and Brick are both hypocritical in the sense that they openly share their hatred of the mendacity that surrounds them, when in fact it is the lies and secrets they keep to themse lves that they kept from each other that are the true causes for their unhappiness. Big Daddy confronts this issue when he suggests Brick take responsibility for Skippers death , he tells Brick; â€Å"You been passing the buck. This disgust with mendacity is disgust with yourself. You!—you dug the grave of your friend and kicked him in it!—before you’d face the truth with him!† Daddy delivers his ultimate diagnosis of Brick toward the end of Act II. Brick is disgusted with his own mendacity before the homosexual desire in his friendship with Skipper. He metaphorically dug his friend’s grave for him rather than face the truth that they possibly shared more than a close friendship. Thus Daddy calls his son to judgment: â€Å"You!† he cries accusingly. While Daddy’s diagnosis rings true, it is suspiciously familiar. Indeed, it repeats Daddy’s own remark to himself in Act II, in which he exclaims in disgust over the mendacity in his staying with Big Mama for forty years. Brick himself has echoed Daddy’s outburst on mendacity as a feint, as another way of â€Å"passing the buck†. Daddy has interpreted its hidden truth. It also seems, however, t hat he has perhaps projected his own disgust with mendacity onto Brick, highlighting the narcissistic nature of the relationship they share. Williams created the  relationship between Brick and Big Daddy to represent a degree of honesty in a play that is saturated in lies and secrets. Although they are not entirely open with each other, they share a mutual respect which means they are truthful and Williams uses them to bring to the surface Big Daddy’s true opinions on his family and their attitudes towards him, and the inheritance they so desperately desire. Another technique Williams uses to highlight mendacity in the family is through the way the characters of Mae and Gooper are portrayed. Supposedly the example of an ideal family with five â€Å"no-neck monsters† they call children, Mae, Gooper and their children appear grotesque and irritating to both the audience and Big Daddy. They personify the human nature of greed and are known to be manipulative by constantly â€Å"sneakin’ and spyin’† on Brick and Maggie and reporting to Big Mamma the many problems they have within their marriage, including how they don’t sleep together. Williams uses comparison between the ugly yet child-bearing Mae and Gooper and the beautiful childless couple Maggie and Brick to highlight how greed and the desire to inherit Big Daddy’s fortune is the only reason they spawned their â€Å"five same little monkeys†. At the end of Act II when Brick confesses to Big Daddy that he is in fact dying, he loses his temper branding his family bar Brick â€Å"LYING SONS OF – LYING BITCHES†. Williams uses Big Daddy’s description to Brick of the relief he felt on hearing he was supposedly all clear of cancer to build up tension in the scene. Brick, although almost completely void of emotion in other scenarios, feels guilt upon hearing Big Daddy’s plans when he though he had his life back. Williams continuously uses the word â€Å"rot† in Big Daddy’s dialogue; for example when he says â€Å"Why should I do that? – Subsidize worthless behaviour? Rot? Corruption?† By doing this he is subliminally making the character of Big Daddy make unknowing references to his cancer, which symbolises the way that the family knows about his illness, but Big Daddy himself is unaware. The whole time Williams is building up drama for the climax of the scene when Brick accidentally tells Big Daddy that he is, in fact, dying. In conclusion mendacity is a tool used by Williams to build up tension in the play. Williams uses the character of Big Daddy and his naivety towards his terminal illness to highlight the extent of the lies and secrets his own family were keeping from him. The way in which the scenes flow is also another method the playwright uses to create suspense and dramatic tension;  although the dialogue is fast paced the conversations between characters, particularly Brick and Big Daddy, are gradually built up to a climactic state until an interruption of some sort, which slows the pace of the dialogue back down. The time period in which the book is set, in Mississippi in the mid 1950’s, contributes to the use of mendacity in the play. Williams understood the gossiping nature of the communities on the deep south of America and uses what would have been the pressure to be well presented to your peers to explain why Brick and Maggie had stayed together when Maggie’s love is unrequited.

Euthanasia - Just the Facts essays

Euthanasia - Just the Facts essays One of the most public and controversial social issues today surrounds the issues of euthanasia. The outcome of that debate will profoundly affect family relationships, interaction between doctors and patients, and concepts of basic ethical behavior. With so much at stake, more is needed than a duel of one-liners, slogans and sound bites. Euthanasia is a rapidly growing social problem. The opinions on this topic are influenced by different groups and beliefs, such as religion, culture, governmental standards, and personal beliefs causing euthanasia to become a major social problem in the world today.. Euthanasia has been an intense issue all over the world causing a constant debate among differing opinions. Oregon and the Netherlands have legalized euthanasia giving permission to the physician for the intentional killing by act or omission of a dependent human being for his or her alleged benefit. Purely at an objective point of view, euthanasia is definitely considered a social problem. Euthanasia is defined by The American Heritage Dictionary as "the action of killing an individual for reasons considered to be merciful". Here, killing is described as the physical action where one individual actively kills another. Euthanasia is tolerated in the medical field under certain circumstances when a patient is suffering profoundly and death is inevitable. However, the word "euthanasia" is much more difficult to define. Each person may define euthanasia differently. Who is to decide whether a death is good or not? Is any form of death good? All of these questions can be answered differently by each person. It is generally taken today to mean that act which a health care professional carries out to help his/her patient achieve a good death. There should be no conflict between hospice and euthanasia, both are valid options in a caring society. Both are appropriate to different people with ...

Latin Names for Days of the Week

Latin Names for Days of the Week Romans named the days of the week after the seven  known planets–or rather, celestial bodies- which had been named after Roman gods: Sol, Luna, Mars, Mercury, Jove (Jupiter), Venus,  and Saturn. As used in the Roman calendar, the gods names were in the genitive singular case, which meant each day was a day of or assigned to a certain god. dies Solis,  day of the Sundies Lunae,  day of the Moondies Martis,  day of Mars (Roman god of war)dies Mercurii,  day of Mercury  (Roman messenger of the gods and god of commerce, travel, thievery, eloquence,  and science.)  dies Iovis,  day of Jupiter (Roman god who created thunder and lightning; patron of the  Ã‚  Roman state)  dies Veneris,  day of Venus  (Roman goddess of love and beauty)dies Saturni,  day of Saturn  (Roman god of agriculture) Latin and Modern Romance Languages All of the Romance languages–French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Catalan, and others- were derived from Latin. The development of those languages over the last 2,000 years has been traced using ancient documents, but even without looking at those documents, the modern-day names of the week have clear similarities to the Latin terms. Even the Latin word for days (dies) is derived from the Latin  from the gods (deus,  diis  ablative plural), and it too is reflected in the endings of the Romance language day terms (di or es). Latin Days of the Week and Romance Language Cognates (English) Latin French Spanish Italian MondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturdaySunday dies Lunaedies Martisdies Mercuriidies Iovisdies Venerisdies Saturnidies Solis LundiMardiMercrediJeudiVendrediSamediDimanche lunesmartesmià ©rcolesjuevesviernessbadodomingo lunedà ¬martedà ¬mercoledà ¬giovedà ¬venerdà ¬sabatodomenica Origins of the Seven-Planet Week Although the names of the week used by modern languages dont refer to gods that modern people worship, the Roman names definitely did name the days after the celestial bodies associated with particular gods- and so did other ancient calendars. The modern seven-day week with days named after gods associated with celestial bodies, is likely to have originated in Mesopotamia between the 8th and 6th centuries BCE. The lunar-based Babylonian month had four seven-day periods, with one or two extra days to account for the movements of the moon. The seven days were (probably) named for the seven known major celestial bodies, or rather for their most important deities associated with those bodies. That calendar was communicated to the Hebrews during the Judean exile in Babylon (586–537 BCE), who were forced to use the imperial calendar of Nebuchadnezzar and adopted it for their own use after they returned to Jerusalem. Theres no direct evidence for the use of celestial bodies as name days in Babylonia- but there is in the Judean calendar. The seventh day is called Shabbat in the Hebrew bible- the Aramaic term is shabta and in English Sabbath. All of those terms are derived from the Babylonian word shabbatu, originally associated with the full moon. All of the Indo-European languages use some form of the word to refer to Saturday or Sunday; the Babylonian sun god was named Shamash. Planetary Gods Planet Babylonian Latin Greek Sanskrit Sun Shamash Sol Helios Surya, Aditya, Ravi Moon Sin Luna Selene Chandra, Soma Mars Nergal Mars Ares Angaraka, Mangala Mercury Nabu Mercurius Hermes Budh Jupiter Marduk Iupiter Zeus Brishaspati, Cura Venus Ishtar Venus Aphrodite Shukra Saturn Ninurta Saturnus Kronos Shani Adoption of the Seven Day Planetary Week The Greeks adopted the calendar from the Babylonians, but the rest of the Mediterranean region and beyond did not adopt the seven day week until the first century CE. That spread into the hinterlands of the Roman empire is attributed to the Jewish diaspora, when the Jewish people left Israel for the far-flung elements of the Roman empire after the Second Temple destruction in 70 CE. The Romans didnt borrow directly from the Babylonians, they emulated the Greeks, who did. Graffiti in Pompeii, destroyed by the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE, includes references to the days of the week named by a planetary god. But in general, the seven-day  week  was not widely used until the Roman Emperor  Constantine the Great (306–337 CE) introduced the seven-day week into the Julian calendar. The early Christian church leaders were appalled at the use of pagan gods for names and did their best to replace them with numbers, but with no long-lasting success.   -Edited by Carly Silver Sources and Further Reading Falk, Michael. Astronomical Names for the Days of the Week. Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 93:122–133Ker, James. Nundinae: The Culture of the Roman Week. Phoenix 64.3/4 (2010): 360–85. Print.MacMullen, Ramsay. Market-Days in the Roman Empire. Phoenix 24.4 (1970): 333–41. Print.Oppenheim, A. L. The Neo-Babylonian Week Again. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 97 (1945): 27–29. Print.Ross, Kelley. The Days of the Week. The Proceedings of the Friesian School, 2015.Stern, Sacha. The Babylonian Calendar at Elephantine. Zeitschrift fà ¼r Papyrologie und Epigraphik 130 (2000): 159–71. Print.

Can social media act as a platform for counter hegemony Research Paper

Can social media act as a platform for counter hegemony - Research Paper Example Social media channels did not cause uprising but played a significant role in sharing information. This paper seeks to discuss the primary role performed by social media during the 2011 Egyptian revolution (Attia, Assaf, El, Kaldas, Mo, & El-Shazly, 2011). It will explore the question whether the social media acted as a platform for counter hegemony. Finally, it will analyze theories discussing the linkage between social media and power, and how social media challenged the authority of Mubarak. Discussion Social media acts as the XXI century pamphlet, a way that individuals who are frustrated and unsatisfied with the status quo can plan and organize themselves and stage or coordinate protest. There are various theories that discuss the relationship between social media and power, for example, Antonio Gramsci and Marxism theory. Hegemony is a term that emanated from Karl Marx writing. It was intellectualized by a Marxist social philosopher, Antonio Gramsci, who lived in Italy. Gramsci subscribed to Marxist idea of the historical dialectic. This implies that based on the classic Marxist theories, communities or societies must change over time from oppressive systems of the economy to highly liberating ones till the society finally attains the Utopian communism state (Sowers & Toensing, 2012). Marx asserted that capitalism was a subordinate system of economy because of the unequal wealth and power distribution among the few powerful individuals. Moreover, he argued that ultimately, the capitalism would be overthrown by the masses and shift to the system that is less oppressive. Gramsci employs â€Å"hegemony† to theorize the fundamental condition for effective overthrow of both the powerful (bourgeoisie) by the proletariat (ruled) and its allies (for instance, the peasantry), and the bourgeois power structures in the Western European states during XIX and XX century. Gramsci’s â€Å"hegemony† is the process of intellectual and moral leadership in which subordinate or dominated classes of post 1870 Western European industrial nations consent to their own suppression by the powerful classes, rather than being coerced or forced into accepting inferior ranks. According to Gramsci, hegemony is a form of control practiced by a dominant or powerful group. In the Marxist idea of a group dominating production means; Gramsci uses â€Å"essential group† to represent the â€Å"ruling class† (Terryn, 2011). For him, the Western European nations dominant class represented the bourgeoisie, who according to the Communist Manifesto are â€Å"the class or group of modern Capitalists, wage labour employers and the owners social production means, whereas, the vital subordinate class represented the proletariat, â€Å"the group of modern wage-laborers, without means personal production means, and thus, must sell their labour power to survive. Gramsci’s hegemony use can only be realized in the light of some of the conce pts he established and those of the Civil Society and the state. Gramsci argues that media promotes powerful or dominant powers structures in his broadly used hegemony theory. In media studies, the term hegemony is defined as ways in which media motivates individuals to consent to the status quo structures of power. In the case of the Egyptian revolution, Gramsci and Marxism theory reveals that the authoritarian leadership did their best to block and cut Internet access by the mass. Unfortunately, despite their efforts,

Accounting assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Accounting assessment - Essay Example Therefore, Direct Labor Hours Rate (DLHR) is preferred for use in calculation the full cost of production. Costs based on DLH solely depends on how human labor is handled hence to improve on such costs, the direct human labor must be accorded the welfare it deserves so that they are efficient in their operations. Costs based on machine hours on the other hand can be managed based on how efficient and effective the machines are allowed to operate hence reducing the costs or making them manageable. If these costs are not improved, they may inflate cutting into the returns of the operations. a. It is not possible to classify all costs in either an organization as fixed or variable costs. This is because depending on the context in which the resource is used, there are many costs, which display a multitude of cost behavior (Bhimani 2012). Hence, the categorization of a cost is dependent on the assumptions made by the analyst. b. Fixed costs are costs, which remain constant irrespective of the activity level while variable costs will often change depending on the level of activity (Bhimani 2012). The classification of any of the above costs wrongly will mean that the costs calculations by the organization will be based on wrong data. This may in turn lead to wrong decisions being made by the management, which is detrimental to the operations of the organization. c. Contribution and profits are majorly different most so when they are taken from the income statement due to two major reasons. One, cost of goods sold may include both fixed and variable costs while the calculation of contribution is only based on sales revenue minus variable costs. Secondly, the calculation of contribution should include both selling and administration expenses which in the case of the income statement they come after gross margin

Soc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Soc - Essay Example Other examples of keying would be the manner in which gender differences and gender expectations are taught to young children. The similarity between internet interactions and face to face interactions comes form the fact that communication may be directed between two individuals as it is in the real world. However, internet interactions are quite different in the way that they allow a person to present a face rather than their actual face that they have. This can be in terms of their personality, their physical self and even their abilities since there is little or no visual cue that can be used to verify or refute what is said by an individual in an online meeting. A sports event will certainly have frames that have been used in other similar positions. Some of the frames may be socially accepted norms and may even create situations where taboos such as personal space and even the use of profanity may be violated. Other frames could be the rules that define what the participants of the events can and can not do as well as what the audience is permitted to do or not. These frames define the mode of interactions that individuals may have and become references for future actions at similar events. The dramaturgical theory explains class, race, gender and sexual inequality through the roles that have been defined by society and culture for individuals. In a given environment, the role defined for men may cause them to be more courteous towards women yet consider them inferior to themselves. On the other hand, in terms of symbolic interaction, things such as gender and social standing may become symbols by which a person is known and is recognized by society. The symbolic value of the social factor or social institute may give a whole new dimension to interactions with a person from a particular race or social group. The manner in which the theories complement each other is that they are deeply connected to the idea of social

Marketing strategies in different markets of ferrari

Marketing strategies in different markets of ferrari The sports car brand Ferrari when focused, I analyzed their success and marketing strategies in different markets, one the German and second Italian market and worldwide. For information I used business theories such as the product life cycle, marketing mix, analysis of positioning and segmentation. These two large economically stable countries are different; Ferrari does not make many differences in the way of selling cars. The company being recognized by its rearing- stallion logo is up to speed. The Italian Co. volume sales to build its status brand by producing 6,400 high-performance sports cars a year, with the initial price about $140,000. GT and sports model include models like Spider, Scaglietti and Ferrari California. The companys F1 model brings Ferrari drivers close to the racing experience. Since 1947, the exclusive cars have been manufactured in Maranello, Italy and sold through strategically selected dealerships. Fiat S.p.A group holds 85% stake in Ferrari , Piero Ferra ri, son of Ferraris founder, owns 10%. Throughout the history of the company it has been noted for its continuous participation in racing mainly on Formula 1 where they have achieved great success. For the growth the company has launched a Ferrari World Theme Park in Abu Dhabi in the year 2010 which is also leading them to gain profits as people are attracted towards it. The sales have been increasing at an increasing rate from 2004-2008, in 2008 they had performed above average with a record breaking sales of above 6587 cars in a year for the first time, as result their turnover increased by 16% while the profit has been increased by ravishing 75%. But due recession hitting in fall 2008, the sales volume drastically fell by 85% in November 2008 (the sales reduced to 92 cars from 600 cars a month). As a result in 2009 there has been a fall in sales, turnover and profit. INTRODUCTION The history of Ferrari is incomplete without mentioning that Enzo Ferrari worked for Alfa Romeo from 1920-1929, after which he raced for another 10years for Alfas. From the time he was 12 he knew he wanted to be a race driver, the dream which he achieved at Alfa and adopted the cavallino, or prancing horse, insignia for his Alfa race car. In 1929 Enzo left Alfa to start his privately owned Alfa Romeo racing team known as Scuderia Ferrari in Modena. Scuderia Ferrari did not race cars with the name Ferrari; the Ferrari shop built its first car in Modena in 1937 the Alfa Romeo 158 Grand Prix Racer. The first championship they got was in 1952-1953 season. Ferrari started making sports cars in order to finance his Grand Prix and Le Mans adventures. Ferrari headed the company until he stepped down in 1971 and died in his hometown of Modena. His name is the most famous in motor sports. In 1952 the emblem of the prancing horse was created which is still used today. THE MARKET ENVIORNMENT:- The geographical market: in todays market Ferrari is facing tough competitors like Lamborghini, Porsche, BMW and Aston Martin. To survive in the market the competitors try and make highly innovative designs and high quality performance. They are in an automotive industry and have a subsidiary type of business and it was started by Enzo Ferrari. The headquarters of Ferrari are located in Maranello, Italy. It had remarkable revenue à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1,921 million (2008). The owners of Ferrari are Fiat group 85%, Mubadala Development Company 5%. PEST-G analysis:- Political: the environmental protection laws in the company have come out with launching eco-friendly system in the car which will reduce pollution in the atmosphere, which politically will affect the taxation system as the consumers demand will increase. Economic: in the economic conditions Ferrari tries to be successful and profitable at any time because it affects its capital cost and demand. The timing and relative success of the company can be influenced by the economic conditions. The government decision plays an important role in the companys progress. Social: it depicts the demand and taste of the consumer demanded by the company which varies with the fashion and disposable income. Ferrari organization should be aware of the demographic changes such as the structure of the population by ages, affluence, regions and numbers working. Technology: the company tries to launch the latest technology for its automobiles as a competitive advantage for itself but it should keep in mind that technological breakthroughs can create new industries which might prove a treat to itself. On the other hand new technology could provide a useful input, in both manufacturing and service industries. THE COMPETITION The main competitors: in the market of Ferrari the competitors it faces are Lamborghini, BMW, Porsche and Aston Martin which has better performance and color and high quality maintenance Ferrari could face tough competition in the following. Sales and profit trend: The Middle Eastern and Far Asian sales of the competitive company has increased from 15.0-21.8% and also increased the unit sales from 2406-2430, which means the growth of 1%. The profit reports a decrease in worldwide sales for the first six months of the financial year 2009, in spite of which the company is still maintaining overall profitability among the major markets. Market Share: the company car tax efficiency, class-leading residual values and whole life costs have resulted in competitors winning a record share of the UK contract hire and leasing market. The competitors share of market has reached an all-time high of 8.8%-2.7% points up on the previous results. Target Markets: the competitors target market is upper-class people with high level of income. They focus on a person who mostly looks for luxury. In the future automobiles will have tough competition for selling the most environmental friendly vehicles. THE COMPANY Sales and profit trend: Ferrari announced a significant increase in both profits and sales for the second quarter of 2010, driven by the success of two new models, the California and 485, as well as demands for Ferrari 599 GTO. Revenue rose 8.6% year on year to EUR488m Euro and vehicle unit sales were 2.6% up at 1,615 units. Trading profit was up 10% to EUR77m. Market share: the companys total sales were 3,226 cars for customers around the world but it was 8% less compared to the year 2008. The market share price was up but was low on sales as the share increased by 10 to 32.8% in 2009. Business sector: the company was found in 1947 by Enzo Ferrari in Italy. They had highest sales was in the year 2008 despite seeing the period of recession. It has achieved one of the highest awards which were in the year 1997 (FCA) which was given in the annual meet, it also achieved the Platino Award for its reorganization. Project focus: the product of the company is an automobile, the brand name is Ferrari, it has launched models such as- Ferrari 308 GT4, Ferrari 550 Maranello, Ferrari 360 Modena Spider, Ferrari Challenge Stardale, Ferrari 430 Monza and many more. Their main segment is focused on F1 races. It mostly races in Italian and Australian Grand Prix. SWOT analysis :- STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Extremely strong brand image Takes on new challenges on a constant basis Innovation Technology are key drivers behind the product Is looked upon as a status symbol. Ferraris business model, based around low volumes, removes the possibility of employing certain technological solutions Some models also limit their sales volumes even though a lot more demand is present in the market Due to their waiting list model, they lose out on customers to the competition A big challenge lying in wait is fuel efficiency emissions which are growing in importance every day, OPPERTUNITIES THREATS Growth in global market for high-performance super-cars due to growing economies developing nations Expansion of the brand through entering into new important automotive markets like India wherein competitors like Porsche have already set up base Enlargement of customer base maintaining Ferrari characteristics-performance, style and exclusivity. Development of technology has opened up new avenues to explore for their products. Tough competition from other iconic super car brands like Lamborghini Porsche. Automotive policies being pushed by countries continents all over the world which are being strictly enforced like the emission norms of 130g/km of CO2 are very difficult to keep up with due to the performance oriented nature of the engines built by Ferrari A competing brand like Porsche does not follow the same low volumes, high on exclusivity model which is followed by Ferrari hence sells a lot more of its products. THE COMPANYS MARKETING STRATEGY Segmentation:- demographic segmentation defines market accordingly White / Caucasian 89% Age 51.5 Married 83% Total in household- 2.94 Total of children 0.75 Education 79% Psychological Segmentation identifies market according to lifestyle characteristics Targeting: the identification of target markets based on the regional, urban, or rural locations of the customers. The company has different models of vehicles to help each individual accomplish a safe drive where ever they are coming from. Positioning: Ferrari is a car in the Super Luxury sub- category and is distinctly more expensive compared to the luxury cars such as BMW, Lexus and Mercedes. It is probably the only car maker that never worries at competition price its name is unmatchable. It is one of a kind automobile that doesnt need to be compared to other brands since it has a well-developed name in the cars market. The latest innovation is the 360 Modena, the 360 Modena combines Ferrari heritage with innovation. Differentiation/Low Cost Leadership/Focus: it is a unique automotive which painted in race red as this was the customary national racing color of Italy. The company is currently focusing on its own performance in Abu Dhabi. Growth strategy: the company opens an office in Dubai airport free zone, sales have been in double digits in the last couple of years. It is only natural to open a regional office in Dubai which is experiencing rapid economic growth along with the UAE and the entire Gulf region. THE MARKETING MIX Product:- Vehicles of high performance Carrazzeria Scagliette- program to allow clients to personalizing their cars A statement of class. Price: least expensive Ferrari: 360 Modena-$170,200 and most expensive Ferrari: Enzo- $700,000. Place:- 1 location in Vancouver 2 locations in Toronto 1 location in Montreal Location in Yorkville and Woodbridge Promotion:- F1 advertise through their use of F1 race car Brochure information about the different models. Reputation Relay on words of mouth, since the car meets a small amount of societies demand( cost)they expect customers who have interest to visit a dealership for more information Ferrari knows well of their clients. People, processes, physical evidence:- the 2010 Ferrari 458 Italia would be headline news from any car company since it is an attempt to bring forward the concept of an exotic sports car into an age more conscious of efficiency EVALUATION OF THE COMPANYS STATEGIES AND TACTICS Evaluation of the companys current position: currently the company has closed the quarter with a trading profit of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬39 million. The decline was attributable on one side, to a less favorable product mix and, on the other hand, to the fact that newly -released F458 Italia provided a limited contribution for the period. The success of 8- cylinder models continued in the first quarter of 2010, with numerous awards and recognitions being received by the California and the F458 Italia. Evidence of the companys success:- Ferrari SpA, the maker of the $228,000 California supercar, will increase profit by more than 10% this year , helped by a surge in demand in emerging markets, said Chairman Luca Cordero di Montezemolo. Ferraris earnings before interest, taxes and one-time gains / losses, or trading profit increased by 10% to 77 million Euros in second quarter as the revenues increased. China sales increased 20% in the first half. The company was also successful in launching the Ferrari Theme Park in Abu Dhabi. Prospects for future growth/success: the luxury car maker company plans to start selling in India in the beginning of the year.2012 Ferrari 458 Italia Spider is the future model to be launched although it hasnt been officially announced, an open-up version of the 458 Italia is on its way in 2011 and the 2013, the final addition to the Italia lineup will be the Scuderia track model, which will leave behind some luxury in return for less weight improved performance. BCG MATRIX The company is large enough to be organized into strategic business sector facing the challenge. Cash cows: Ferrari has a vast market share in a slow growing industry. Cash cows require investment and generate cash which can be used to invest in other business units. Star: the company is leading in the high growth markets. They are generating huge amount of cash from the F1 races and have also used cash for launching new projects. Question marks: the company did not achieve a dominant market position, and do not generate much cash. Due to growth of the market they use most of the cash. The company by launching new sports cars and taking part in races is a rapidly growing market. Dogs: comparing to the Ferrari company sports cars other company cars have little future as they gain less cash by virtue of their low market share. CONCLUSION By analyzing the above report I can conclude the company is doing good as its sales and profit are good even in this time of recession compared to other competitive companies (i.e Lamborghini, Porsche, Maserati etc). Also their future projects are interesting which will attract the young generation. Ferrari achieves most of its success from the Formula 1 races by wining many awards, and also they have been successful in their recent launch of the Theme Park and aiming to launch more in other countries APPENDICES